Gates Fellowship addresses parasite infection in developing world

Public release date: 21-May-2013
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Contact: Neil Schoenherr
nschoenherr@wustl.edu
314-935-5235
Washington University in St. Louis

Washington University in St. Louis announced today that it is a Grand Challenges Explorations winner, an initiative funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Tae Seok Moon, PhD, assistant professor of energy, environmental & chemical engineering, will pursue an innovative global health and development research project titled "Programmed Killing of Parasite Eggs by Probiotic Organisms."

Grand Challenges Explorations (GCE) funds individuals worldwide to explore ideas that can break the mold in how we solve persistent global health and development challenges. Moon's project is one of the Grand Challenges Explorations Round 10 grants announced May 21 by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

To receive funding, Moon and other Grand Challenges Explorations Round 10 winners demonstrated in a two-page online application a bold idea in one of four critical global heath and development topic areas that included agriculture development, neglected tropical diseases and communications. Applications for the next round will be accepted starting September 2013.

Moon's project addresses parasite infection in people in developing countries. While there are drugs to help kill parasite worms and eggs in the body, there is no long-term strategy to prevent disease transmission. Moon has proposed to engineer probiotic bacteria that would be added to donated foods, reproduce in the intestine where parasite eggs are produced, and come out of the body with the eggs in waste.

The probiotic bacteria contain a genetic circuit, or a computer, which distinguishes the outside conditions from those in the human body. Once the bacteria come out of the human body with the eggs, the genetic circuit triggers a "suicide bomb," killing the parasite eggs and the bacteria in the process, eliminating any potential harm to humans or to the environment.

Moon, who joined the faculty at Washington University in St. Louis in July 2012, directs his research toward creating programmable cells that process multiple input signals and produce desirable outputs for real-world applications. An expert in the design and construction of genetic circuits, he aims to build synthetic gene circuits to control and improve cellular processes.

Combining his research experiences with more than five years of experience in the biotechnology industry, he envisions his career as transforming biology research from an "observation" approach to a "synthesis-based engineering" activity to address energy, environment and health issues.

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About Grand Challenges Explorations

Grand Challenges Explorations is a $100 million initiative funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Launched in 2008, over 800 people in more than 50 countries have received Grand Challenges Explorations grants. The grant program is open to anyone from any discipline and from any organization. The initiative uses an agile, accelerated grant-making process with short two-page online applications and no preliminary data required. Initial grants of $100,000 are awarded two times a year. Successful projects have the opportunity to receive a follow-on grant of up to $1 million.

The School of Engineering & Applied Science at Washington University in St. Louis focuses intellectual efforts through a new convergence paradigm and builds on strengths, particularly as applied to medicine and health, energy and environment, entrepreneurship and security. With 120 full-time faculty, 1,300 undergraduate students, 700 graduate students and more than 19,000 alumni, we are working to leverage our partnerships with academic and industry partners across disciplines and across the world to contribute to solving the greatest global challenges of the 21st century.

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 21-May-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Neil Schoenherr
nschoenherr@wustl.edu
314-935-5235
Washington University in St. Louis

Washington University in St. Louis announced today that it is a Grand Challenges Explorations winner, an initiative funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Tae Seok Moon, PhD, assistant professor of energy, environmental & chemical engineering, will pursue an innovative global health and development research project titled "Programmed Killing of Parasite Eggs by Probiotic Organisms."

Grand Challenges Explorations (GCE) funds individuals worldwide to explore ideas that can break the mold in how we solve persistent global health and development challenges. Moon's project is one of the Grand Challenges Explorations Round 10 grants announced May 21 by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

To receive funding, Moon and other Grand Challenges Explorations Round 10 winners demonstrated in a two-page online application a bold idea in one of four critical global heath and development topic areas that included agriculture development, neglected tropical diseases and communications. Applications for the next round will be accepted starting September 2013.

Moon's project addresses parasite infection in people in developing countries. While there are drugs to help kill parasite worms and eggs in the body, there is no long-term strategy to prevent disease transmission. Moon has proposed to engineer probiotic bacteria that would be added to donated foods, reproduce in the intestine where parasite eggs are produced, and come out of the body with the eggs in waste.

The probiotic bacteria contain a genetic circuit, or a computer, which distinguishes the outside conditions from those in the human body. Once the bacteria come out of the human body with the eggs, the genetic circuit triggers a "suicide bomb," killing the parasite eggs and the bacteria in the process, eliminating any potential harm to humans or to the environment.

Moon, who joined the faculty at Washington University in St. Louis in July 2012, directs his research toward creating programmable cells that process multiple input signals and produce desirable outputs for real-world applications. An expert in the design and construction of genetic circuits, he aims to build synthetic gene circuits to control and improve cellular processes.

Combining his research experiences with more than five years of experience in the biotechnology industry, he envisions his career as transforming biology research from an "observation" approach to a "synthesis-based engineering" activity to address energy, environment and health issues.

###

About Grand Challenges Explorations

Grand Challenges Explorations is a $100 million initiative funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Launched in 2008, over 800 people in more than 50 countries have received Grand Challenges Explorations grants. The grant program is open to anyone from any discipline and from any organization. The initiative uses an agile, accelerated grant-making process with short two-page online applications and no preliminary data required. Initial grants of $100,000 are awarded two times a year. Successful projects have the opportunity to receive a follow-on grant of up to $1 million.

The School of Engineering & Applied Science at Washington University in St. Louis focuses intellectual efforts through a new convergence paradigm and builds on strengths, particularly as applied to medicine and health, energy and environment, entrepreneurship and security. With 120 full-time faculty, 1,300 undergraduate students, 700 graduate students and more than 19,000 alumni, we are working to leverage our partnerships with academic and industry partners across disciplines and across the world to contribute to solving the greatest global challenges of the 21st century.

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-05/wuis-gfa052113.php

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Communications Dinosaur: Digital Technologies Push the Fax ...

When was the last time you used a fax machine? If you?re a student or recent graduate, the answer could very well be never. As with almost any piece of technology, innovation and competition often run their course, and a piece of equipment that was once an integral part of many consumers? day-to-day lives, suddenly falls off the map. This tale is all too familiar, as once-popular technologies such as the typewriter or floppy disk experienced a similar fate.

Sadly, it seems the fax machine is following a similar path. Gartner ceased to track fax sales more than five years ago. However, as Kurt Wagner notes in his recent CNN Money article, ?Why the fax machine refuses to die,? perhaps we shouldn?t count the fax machine out just yet. Many industries, like finance and law, still call for the use of a fax machine ? or at the very least, a multi-function machine that incorporates faxing. Still others see it as downright silly when we live in an era where communication must oftentimes be instantaneous. Can you imagine manually faxing press releases to the media, to keep them abreast of ?breaking? news?

The story of the fax machine not only offers an example of evolving technologies, but also mirrors the shift in how PR practitioners communicate with influencers. Now, entire marketing and PR strategies are developed around social media engagement and issues response pitching. Oftentimes, some of the strongest media relationships are built when PR professionals are able to offer their client?s commentary on breaking industry news. Many clients? messaging points mirror this ?instantaneous? mentality, with descriptors like ?fastest? and ?best performance? used as common product tag lines.

Whether the fax machine has a few years of life left in it or not, it makes one wonder: which piece of technology is next? Is the desktop computer poised to soon become a ?technology dinosaur,? thanks to modern mobile devices? I guess we?ll have to wait to find out?

Source: http://www.marchpr.com/blog/2013/05/communications-dinosaurs-digital-technologies-push-the-fax-machine-closer-to-extinction/

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A new gamepad for a new game console: Microsoft's next-gen wireless controller revealed

Despite the few protestations gamers have with the Xbox 360 wireless controller, Microsoft is apparently updating its much-loved input device for the next-generation, Xbox One. At first glance, the controller looks rather similar to its successor, though there are definitely some design tweaks in tow. For starters, the renowned "Xbox button" has been moved up a bit, making room for a couple of buttons in the central place where it used to be located.

What's more, and in what's perhaps the biggest change, the triggers now have a built-in rumble system, which Microsoft's calling "Impulse Triggers." There's now also a redesigned d-pad that takes on a more traditional "cross" look, while the thumbsticks are slightly shorter and have a textured design around the edge, which, presumably, should help keep your thumbs gripped with more ease. The battery compartment, meanwhile, is much smaller than the previous version. We're likely to hear more about the One's gamepad soon, so we'll be updating this post as more info comes in.

Ben Gilbert contributed to this report.

Gallery: Xbox One controller

Filed under: Gaming, Home Entertainment, HD, Microsoft

Comments

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/21/new-xbox-gamepad/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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Poliovirus vaccine trial shows early promise for recurrent glioblastoma

May 21, 2013 ? An attack on glioblastoma brain tumor cells that uses a modified poliovirus is showing encouraging results in an early study to establish the proper dose level, researchers at Duke Cancer Institute report.

The treatment, developed at Duke and tested in an ongoing phase 1 study, capitalizes on the discovery that cancer cells have an abundance of receptors that work like magnets drawing the poliovirus, which then infects and kills the cells.

The investigational therapy, known as PVSRIPO, uses an engineered form of the virus that is lethal to cancer cells, while harmless to normal cells. Infused directly into the patient's tumor, the virus-based therapy also triggers the body's immune fighters to launch an attack against the infected tumor cells.

Preliminary data, presented at the upcoming 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago, previews the results of seven patients enrolled in the study whose tumors reoccurred despite traditional treatments for glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and aggressive brain tumor.

Of the patients enrolled in the study, three have responded well to the drug. One patient remains disease-free 12 months after treatment, another 11 months post-treatment and the third is disease-free after five months. With traditional treatment, about half of glioblastoma patients see recurrent tumor growth within eight weeks.

Two patients in the study did not fair as well; one had recurrent tumor growth after two months, and another's condition declined after four months. The remaining two patients have been treated in the last three and two months, respectively, and currently remain disease free.

"These early results are intriguing," said Annick Desjardins, M.D., FRCPC, principal investigator and associate professor of medicine at Duke University School of Medicine. "Current therapies for glioblastoma are limited because they cannot cross the blood-brain barrier and often do not specifically attack the tumor. This treatment appears to overcome those problems. We are eager to see additional results as we move forward with our study."

In addition to Desjardins, study authors include J. H. Sampson, K.B. Peters, T. Ranjan, G. Vlahovic, S. Threatt, J.E. Herndon II, A. Friedman, H.S. Friedman, D.D. Bigner and M. Gromeier.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/3Cp30KhVPpg/130521132122.htm

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Daoud Kuttab: Fighting for Media Freedoms in Arab region

Thirteen years ago, the Vienna-based International Press Institute held a regional conference in Amman to deal with press freedom issues in the Arab region.

At the time, I was invited to speak at the conference about my work: using the Internet to fight censorship. I was also pleased to hear from the then-minister of information that the country would become an Internet hub and was encouraging the unhindered use of the Internet for exchange of information.

At the time, I suggested setting up an Internet radio in the country, where radio was still a government monopoly, and was encouraged to do so by officials.

Using the promises made at the IPI conference, and with help from UNESCO and the Open Society Foundation, I set up the Arab world's first Internet radio (ammannet.net) with the aim of training radio journalists that don't practise self censorship.

Within a few years, and as promised, the audiovisual sector received a boost by a temporary law that allowed for the first time the private ownership of radio frequencies.

By 2005, we got a 10-year licence for an FM station (now called Radio Al Balad). Tens of other FM radio stations (mostly commercial) were licensed, as were several university-based radio stations outside the capital. But radio licensing failed to break the prevalent culture.

Attempts at introducing investigative journalism had limited success even though Jordan was the first Arab country to introduce an access to information law.

This toothless law failed to break up the anti-transparency culture, playing into the hands of people who decided to use the Internet to circumvent existing platforms and restrictive laws.

Traditional media failed to satisfy the hunger for information of a very young population, leaving the field open; the Internet was thus convenient in a country that had long embraced globalisation.

Jordan experienced an explosion of news websites that complemented an explosion in online creativity as well as an almost world record number of social media participants (Facebook subscriptions, for example reached nearly two million).

With this explosion of websites, chaos also happened. Coupled with the new found courage following the Arab Spring, new websites became political battlegrounds for change and reform, especially for fighting corruption.

At the same time, the chaos allowed a misuse of information, with some website owners smearing a host of public and private individuals.

Attempts to deal with this issue produced two important recommendations by royallyl-initiated committees. The recommendations called for professionalisation of the media, breaking open the journalists' union and initiating self-regulatory bodies to curtail media abuse.

However, the recommendations of the National Agenda and the Media Strategy Plan were not implemented by successive governments, leaving traditional media incapable to deal with the young public's or the anti-government forces' desire to use the Internet for political purposes.

Unable to curtail online cases of undocumented "character assassination", the government moved to curtail news websites.

An amendment to the Press and Publications Law obliging local websites that publish news and commentary to be licensed by the Press and Publications Department was railroaded in Parliament.

Also website owners are obliged to be responsible for all content including commentary.

The new amendment was rejected by many Jordanian journalists and human rights activists.

The current prime minister who opposed it when he was in Parliament moved to make sure it is not implemented and the amendment might be rescinded.

Much reform is needed to raise Jordan's media standing despite the fact that the current government has been much more inclined to press freedom issues and was not blamed for any major case of press freedom violation or restriction of journalists.

Holding the IPI congress in Amman this week is a positive change that should be used to kickstart badly needed media reforms. It will be helpful to use this opportunity to adopt the mechanisms needed for a truly free media in the country.

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Follow Daoud Kuttab on Twitter: www.twitter.com/daoudkuttab

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/daoud-kuttab/fighting-for-media-freedo_b_3308316.html

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Rangers beat Tigers 11-8 despite 3 HRs for Cabrera

Texas Rangers David Murphy, center, and teammates Leonys Martin, left, and Elvis Andrus, right, are all smiles after Murphy hit a three-run home run during the sixth inning of a baseball game Sunday, May 19, 2013, in Arlington. ?(AP Photo/John F. Rhodes)

Texas Rangers David Murphy, center, and teammates Leonys Martin, left, and Elvis Andrus, right, are all smiles after Murphy hit a three-run home run during the sixth inning of a baseball game Sunday, May 19, 2013, in Arlington. ?(AP Photo/John F. Rhodes)

Detroit Tigers Miguel Cabrera (24) slaps hands with teammate Prince Fielder (28), after hitting his second home of the game, in the fifth inning of a baseball game against the Texas Rangers Sunday, May 19, 2013, in Arlington. ?(AP Photo/John F. Rhodes)

Detroit Tigers' Miguel Cabrera (24) slaps the hand of third base coach Tom Brookens (61) on the way to the plate, after hitting a three-run homer during the third inning of a baseball game against the Texas Rangers, Sunday, May 19, 2013, in Arlington, Texas. (AP Photo/John F. Rhodes)

Texas Rangers starting pitcher Derek Holland throws a pitch during the first inning of a baseball game against the Detroit Tigers Sunday, May 19, 2013, in Arlington. ?(AP Photo/John F. Rhodes)

Detroit Tigers starting pitcher Doug Fister throws a pitch during the first inning of a baseball game against the Texas Rangers on Sunday, May 19, 2013, in Arlington. ?(AP Photo/John F. Rhodes)

ARLINGTON, Texas (AP) ? David Murphy put Texas ahead with a three-run home run, and the Rangers spoiled a three-homer game from Miguel Cabrera with an 11-8 victory against the Detroit Tigers on Sunday night.

Murphy's shot just over the fence in right field gave Texas an 8-7 lead and answered a bases-loaded double from Prince Fielder that put Detroit up by two in the sixth inning after the Rangers had walked Cabrera intentionally even though first base wasn't open.

Cabrera hit a three-run homer in the third and a solo shot in the fifth off Derek Holland, then went deep again in the eighth against Tanner Scheppers.

Cabrera, the 2012 AL Triple Crown winner and this year's leader in average and RBIs, went 4 for 4 with 5 RBIs and has 11 homers, one off the AL lead.

Robbie Ross (2-0) pitched a scoreless seventh inning for the win, and Joe Nathan worked around a leadoff walk in the ninth for his 13th save. He has saved all 36 career chances against Detroit.

The Tigers led 4-1 after Cabrera hit a three-run homer over the Texas bullpen in right-center field in the third and added a solo shot to center off Holland, who had given up just two homers in 57-plus innings this year after setting a club record by allowing 32 homers last year.

The Rangers had wiped out that lead ? and another one after Fielder's double ? and were ahead 11-7 when Cabrera hit another solo homer to center off Scheppers.

The Rangers overcame Detroit's early lead with a four-run fifth highlighted by a pop fly double from Adrian Beltre that scored two and gave Texas a 5-4 lead.

Geovany Soto, who came in hitting .185, went 3 for 5 for the Rangers and had a fourth hit taken away when Andy Dirks caught a long drive to center while crashing into the wall.

Dirks' catch on Soto ended a string of six straight Texas batters reaching in the sixth against Detroit reliever Jose Ortega (0-1), who hadn't allowed a run in seven innings this season but couldn't hold a 7-5 lead. He gave up four runs and five hits.

Soto started both Texas rallies with leadoff hits in the fifth and sixth innings.

The light-hitting catcher had a double to start the fifth and scored on a groundout by Elvis Andrus. Murphy, who also had a sacrifice fly, walked and Lance Berkman drove in Craig Gentry with a single before Beltre's second double, which slipped out of Detroit shortstop Jhonny Peralta's glove just inside the left-field line.

Texas manager Ron Washington scrambled to protect a 5-4 lead in the sixth, finally ordering reliever Jason Frasor to walk Cabrera with runners at first and second when he got behind 3-1. Washington brought in left-hander Michael Kirkman to face Fielder, but the lefty slugger ripped his second double to the wall in center field.

Soto started the sixth with a single, and Andrus walked with one out before Murphy pulled a pitch from Ortega to right to put Texas ahead for good.

Holland and Detroit starter Doug Fister both went just 4 2-3 innings, the shortest outing of the year for Holland. The left-hander gave up eight hits and four runs with three walks and six strikeouts. Fister allowed nine hits and five runs.

Notes: Rangers 2B Ian Kinsler went on the 15-day disabled list with bruised ribs, and top prospect Jurickson Profar was brought up from Triple-A Round Rock. Leury Garcia made his third straight start in Kinsler's place at second. ... Rangers C A.J. Pierzynski caught five innings in the first game of a rehab assignment at Double-A Frisco on Sunday. He went 0 for 3 with a strikeout and two groundouts. Pierzynski will catch RHP Colby Lewis' rehab start with Frisco on Monday.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-05-20-Tigers-Rangers/id-e973a55b87444628b3640dcc3f31892f

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Dr Sherrill Sellman: What Women Must Know About Breast Cancer

Posted May 20, 2013

Ever since Angelina Jolie announced that she has just undergone a double mastectomy to prevent breast cancer, the world seems to be buzzing about the topic. TV and social media have gone to town with this story, and while I may not agree with the messages that have been attached to it, I think it?s awesome that her story has got everyone thinking, talking and opening up healthy discussions about what is a very sensitive subject.

I?m not a breast cancer expert, but I do have access to people who are. Which is why I asked to speak with my friend Dr Sherrill Sellman about the topic. Dr Sellman is the author of What Women Must Know To Protect Their Daughters From Breast Cancer and Hormone Heresy: What Women Must Know About Their Hormones. She?s done extensive research in the fields of epigenetics and the breast cancer genes ? BRCA 1 and BRCA 2.

And while I may not be an expert, I?ve spent enough time researching and living this topic (both for my cancer and my mum?s) to be able to say that I firmly believe we have more options than what we?re led to believe by the mainstream world.

The intention of this interview isn?t to judge whether Angelina (or anyone else in her situation) made the right choice or not. We?re all different. We all have different fears, different conditioning, and different ways of looking at and understanding the world. But, what I do want to do is counteract the messages that are being pumped out by mainstream media by offering alternative answers to some of the questions and fears this story has stirred up.

In this interview, you will learn:

+ If you have the breast cancer genes, do you have options other than a double mastectomy when it comes to preventing breast cancer?

+ Why BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 aren?t the death sentences we?re led to believe they are.

+ What we can do to lower our risk of developing cancer ? whether we have the genes or not.

+ Why mammograms are the worst step for someone who has a predisposition to breast cancer and should never be used for screening purposes.

+ What to do instead of having a mammogram.

+ So much more on this very loaded topic.

Click here to listen:

DO YOU HAVE A QUESTION FOR SHERRILL?

On Wednesday morning, Sherrill and I will be holding a live Q&A call so that you can get answers to any questions you may have on this subject.

The call will be held at 9am (Australian EST). Click here to sign up and receive further details.

Can?t make that time? Sign up anyway to send through your question and receive a recording of the call.

SEE SHERRILL IN PERSON

Click here for a full list of Dr Sherrill Sellman?s Australian tour dates.

What did you think of this interview? I?d love for you to join in the conversation in the comments below. Politely though, please.

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Positive affirmation for the day: My mind is open to new ideas and beliefs.

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Source: http://www.thewellnesswarrior.com.au/2013/05/dr-sherrill-sellman-what-women-must-know-about-breast-cancer/

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BoE governor King warns of euro risk to British recovery

This coming?weekend is a big one for?Saturday Night Live. It marks the end of Bill Hader's tenure on the show and Ben Affleck's fifth time hosting. But perhaps the most significant reason to tune in is the fact that Kanye West is the musical guest, and he's making it seem like he really, really doesn't want to be. With West's apparent frustration with the show and his penchant for, shall we say ... off-the-cuff remarks, producers should be worried and we should be excited. Is there a better combo than that?

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/boe-governor-king-warns-euro-risk-british-recovery-092916214.html

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Increasing Search Engine Ranking ~ Make Money Online

The first website that I made is now getting more than 350,000 hits each month and I am making a respectful monthly income out of it. In this article I will tell you some of the tips I used that made my website get such traffic in a short period of time.

Search engine ranking determines the position your website will take when search engine results are displayed. Since everyone on the internet visits search engines it makes lots of sense to learn to increase your search engine ranking. The following tips will help you increase your search engine ranking and so get more hits from search engines.?

Tips for increasing search engine ranking

• Content is the queen, website optimization is the king and the castle needs both: content can only bring you traffic when someone sees it but if no one found your site then your good content wont do you any good. Website optimization is the king when it comes to bringing traffic

• Optimizing your pages: When you make a new post make sure that the title tag, the meta description tag and the meta keywords tag have the same keywords that are relevant to the article's topic. In addition to this, make that the page?s name (the html file name that appears in the url) contains the same keyword. Use bold and italics to highlight the keywords that are relevant to the article. So in summary, all of the page element should have the same keyword which the post talks about

• Your main page: If the keywords on your main page match the keywords in some of your articles then those articles will be given a very high weight, after all search engines wants to display articles that talk about depression from a website that is specialized in depression

• Frequency of update: Search engines give very high importance to frequently updated pages, if your website gets updated often your search engine ranking will increas

• How old are you?: Old pages are more respected by search engines than newer ones, just as you have to do lots of tasks to get a better rank waiting will also result in better ranking. Don?t give up early!

• Only one way back links matters: getting one way back links is one of the most important things you should do in order to increase your link popularity. Two way links might be useful but one way back links have much higher weight. Read the article how to get one way back links for free in order to know more about this topic

• Internal linking: Search engines give internal linking a level of importance that is close to the level of importance they give to external links. Make sure your internal linking structure is done well. Read the article optimizing internal links in order to know more about this topic

• Stuff more keywords: Use H1, H2,H3 tags and put your article related keywords in between them. Use the ALT tag to add your keywords to image?s description and Use the keyword in the image?s name (file name). Make sure your article contains your keyword and all related keywords with a density of 5%

Is it hard to rank higher?

No, it?s a piece of cake, this is my third website, whenever I make a new website I manage to rank in the top ten results so go ahead and try the tips above.
Issue #1- The Title Bar
This is one of the most often overlooked techniques to increase search engine ranking. On your homepage, what does the title bar say? If you use Internet Explorer, this is the blue bar at the very top of the window that displays your page (it may include the words "Microsoft Internet Explorer" at the end). Does your company name appear here by itself when you have more important keywords to emphasize? Worse yet, does it say "untitled"? If you want to increase the search engine ranking for that page, this area should contain the most important keywords you see on your homepage. To check the rest of your site, click on any link from your homepage and see if the words in this title bar change for each page in your site. They should - and each title bar should contain the most important keywords from its corresponding page. Note: Very long keyword strings in the title bar should be avoided - six words or less is optimal. Also, words in the title bar should not repeat more than once, and identical words should not appear next to one another.
Issue #2- Content
Search engines all try to list sites that contain good content. Translation: you need words on your pages to achieve a high ranking on a search engine, not flashy graphics. This text should contain the most important keywords that your potential customers would use to find you on a search engine. If you have very few or no words on a page where you wish to increase the search engine ranking, it is a good idea to add some, ideally around 250 per page. For aesthetic reasons, this is not always practical, but even 100 well-written words will give you a better opportunity for a high ranking on a search engine than none. It is also important that you make certain that the words are written in a language the search engines can read. Using your mouse, bring your cursor down to the text on one of your web pages. Clicking and holding down the left mouse button (make sure you aren't near a link) see if you can highlight just one or two words of the text. If you can, everything is most likely fine. If nothing happens, or you can only highlight a large block, it is most likely in graphic form. To increase search engine ranking in such cases, the graphic text needs to be replaced by standard HTML text to allow the search engines to read it. Your web expert should have no problem understanding what you require, and the transition should be fairly simple and affordable.
Issue #3- Meta Tags
Some people believe that meta tags are the Holy Grail of achieving a high ranking on a search engine. Unfortunately, their effectiveness is limited (many engines ignore them completely), but they can play a limited role on some engines. To see if your site has meta tags, go to your home page. Click the "view" command at the top of the browser window. From the pull-down menu, select "source". This should open up another window that shows your code. Much of this may seem indecipherable, but there should be two commands there (usually near the top of the code). One of these says meta name="description" content= and will go on to describe your company and products, and one says meta name="keywords" content= and goes on to list applicable keywords for your site. If these tags are missing, have your web expert insert them. Again, this may not do much to increase search engine ranking, but it will not hurt.
Issue #4- Links
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